{"id":47,"date":"2006-02-03T07:20:29","date_gmt":"2006-02-03T07:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/principles\/2006\/02\/03\/shoot-the-hostage\/"},"modified":"2006-02-03T07:20:29","modified_gmt":"2006-02-03T07:20:29","slug":"shoot-the-hostage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/2006\/02\/03\/shoot-the-hostage\/","title":{"rendered":"Shoot the Hostage"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><P>(Because, as anybody knows, that&#8217;s the answer to &#8220;Pop Quiz, Hotshot&#8221;&#8230;)<\/p>\n<p><P>The answer to the <A HREF=\"http:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/principles\/2006\/02\/pop_quiz_hotshot.php\">pop quiz<\/A> posted below is &#8220;v.&#8221; That is, the speed is unchanged between the start of the problem and the collision between the ball and the pole. There are several ways to see this&#8211; conservation of energy is my usual approach (the only energy at the start of the problem is the kinetic energy of the ball&#8217;s motion, and nothing else in the problem takes up any energy, so you&#8217;ve got to have the same kinetic energy at the end)., but I really like <A HREF=\"http:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/principles\/2006\/02\/pop_quiz_hotshot.php#comment-7425\">Ross Smith&#8217;s dimensional analysis<\/A> argument. If I were giving prizes, he&#8217;d get one.<\/p>\n<p><P>A couple of other comments on things that were said by various people:<br \/>\n<UL><br \/>\n<LI>Angular momentum is a red herring. If you look carefully at the situation, you&#8217;ll find that the string is not quite perpendicular to the ball&#8217;s velocity (it might help to draw a better picture than mine), so there&#8217;s a small component of force in the backwards direction. This can be thought of as a torque that keeps the angular momentum from increasing as the ball is pulled in.<br \/>\n<LI>If the force isn&#8217;t perpendicular, why doesn&#8217;t the magnitude of the velocity change? It <STRONG>would<\/STRONG> change, if the force was perpendicular&#8211; the work done moving the ball in to a smaller orbit would be converted to kinetic energy, and the ball&#8217;s speed would increase (the inward force is slightly greater than the required centripetal force). The fact that it doesn&#8217;t increase is due to the torque thing mentioned above.<br \/>\n<LI>Doesn&#8217;t a tetherball speed up as it gets closer to the post? The linear speed doesn&#8217;t change, but the angular speed does. As the orbits get smaller, the ball takes less time to complete each revolution, so it appears to be moving faster.<br \/>\n<\/UL><\/p>\n<p><P>Credit where due: I heard this problem from somebody on Usenet years ago, long enough that I&#8217;ve forgotten who it was. It was introduced as a problem from a test given to prospective TA&#8217;s at one of the Ivies, consisting of problems that could be solved using freshman physics principles that would induce the same sort of confusion in first-year grad students that the classic frictionless-block-sliding-on-an-inclined-plane problems induce in actual freshmen.<\/p>\n<p><P>These sorts of problems are sort of hard to come by, so I doubt I&#8217;ll be making this a regular feature. If you know any good ones (I&#8217;m stealing the three-cylinders one from BioCurious for the next time I teach something having to do with thermodynamics), I&#8217;d love to hear them.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Because, as anybody knows, that&#8217;s the answer to &#8220;Pop Quiz, Hotshot&#8221;&#8230;) The answer to the pop quiz posted below is &#8220;v.&#8221; That is, the speed is unchanged between the start of the problem and the collision between the ball and the pole. There are several ways to see this&#8211; conservation of energy is my usual&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/2006\/02\/03\/shoot-the-hostage\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Shoot the Hostage<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"1","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-physics","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/chadorzel.com\/principles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}